Category Archives: Astronomy News

Comet approaching, CME sideswiping Earth

From: http://spaceweather.com
COMET CATALINA (C/2013 US10) Robot looks upis making its closest approach to Earth, only 67 million miles away. The beautiful green comet is only barely visible to the naked eye, but it is an easy target for backyard telescopes and digital cameras as it passes through the handle of the Big Dipper.

This is Comet Catalina’s first visit to the inner solar system–and its last. The comet’s close encounter with the sun in mid-November has placed it on a slingshot trajectory toward interstellar space. Enjoy it now. Once it recedes from Earth, we may never see it again
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Visit Spaceweather.com for photos and finder charts.

MINOR STORM WARNING: NOAA forecasters say there is a 45% chance of minor geomagnetic storms on Jan. 19th when a CME is expected to sideswipe Earth’s magnetic field. Aurora alerts are available from http://spaceweathertext.com (text) and http://spaceweatherphone.com (voice).”

NASA suspends InSight mission to Mars

Unable to fix a leak with the mission’s main science instrument in time to make the 2016 launch window, NASA must wait two years to try again.

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“The JPL and CNES teams and their partners have made a heroic effort to prepare the InSight instrument, but have run out of time given the celestial mechanics of a launch to Mars,” said JPL Director Charles Elachi. “It is more important to do it right than take an unacceptable risk.”
Read more from Sky and Telescope.
Or if you are really, really into Mars missions, pop over to the NASA site.

BIG SUNSPOT ERUPTS

From http://spaceweather.com/

After several days of pent-up quiet, big sunspot AR2473 erupted on Dec. 28th (12:49 UT), producing a slow but powerful M1.9-class solar flare. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the blast’s extreme ultraviolet glow:

Sun
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For more than an hour, UV radiation from the flare bathed the top of Earth’s atmosphere, ionizing atoms and molecules. This, in turn, disrupted the normal propagation of shortwave radio signals on the dayside of our planet. A NOAA blackout map shows the affected area. Ham radio operators, mariners and aviators in South America, Africa and the south Atlantic Ocean may have noticed fades and blackouts of transmissions below 20 MHz.

The slow explosion also produced a coronal mass ejection (CME). Images from the Solar and Heliospheric Obseratory (SOHO) show a ragged, full-halo CME heading almost directly toward Earth.

The storm cloud will likely reach our planet on Dec. 31st, possibly triggering the first geomagnetic storm of the New Year. NOAA analysts are modelling this CME now; stay tuned for refined forecasts later today when they release their storm track.

Sunspot AR2374 has an unstable ‘beta-gamma’ magnetic field that could explode again in the hours ahead. NOAA forecasters estimate a 55% chance of additional M-class flares and a 10% chance of X-flares on Dec. 28th.

Looking up!

Robot looks upNew findings from New Horizons shape understanding of Pluto and its moons

Among the highlights of a recent meeting are insights into Pluto’s geology and composition as well as new details about the unexpected haze in Pluto’s atmosphere and its interaction with the solar wind.  Read more, see fabulous montage of images on Astronomy Magazine’s website.

Cassini closes in on Enceladus one last time
NASA’s Saturn-orbiting Cassini spacecraft makes its final close flyby of the ocean-bearing moon Enceladus on December 19.

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enceladus_final
A thrilling chapter in the exploration of the solar system will soon conclude, as NASA’s Saturn-orbiting Cassini spacecraft makes its final close flyby of the ocean-bearing moon Enceladus. Cassini is scheduled to fly past Enceladus at a distance of 3,106 miles (4,999 kilometers) on Saturday, Dec. 19, at 9:49 a.m. PST (12:49 p.m. EST).

Although the spacecraft will continue to observe Enceladus during the remainder of its mission (through September 2017), it will be from much greater distances — at closest, more than four times farther away than the Dec. 19 encounter.

The upcoming flyby will focus on measuring how much heat is coming through the ice from the moon’s interior — an important consideration for understanding what is driving the plume of gas and icy particles that sprays continuously from an ocean below the surface.  Read more from the Astronomy website.

RASC Montreal Centre, free public event

Weather permitting, this should be a good showing of the Geminids.  There will be no moon in the sky!  — Cathy

This coming Sunday, Dec. 13th the Montreal Centre will be hosting an evening to the Geminids Meteor Shower.

Date: Sunday, December 13th (Rain/Cloud Date for Observing Only: Monday Dec. 14th)
Time: 8PM
Place: Conservation Centre, Morgan Arboretum, Ste-Anne-de-Belelvue

We will have a short presentation before heading outdoors to enjoy the BIG SHOW! (Sunday only)
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Bring a chair, warm blankets, parkas, etc… Coffee will be available.

This is a free public event, however donations are appreciated to help present these public outreach events.

Hoping for clear skies,

Morrie, President
RASC Montreal Centre

Pluto and Charon

The New Horizons spacecraft captured Pluto rotating over the course of a full “Pluto day.

In July 2015, the cameras on NASA's New Horizons spacecraft captured Pluto rotating over the course of a full "Pluto day." The best available images of each side of Pluto taken during approach have been combined to create this view of a full rotation. NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute
In July 2015, the cameras on NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft captured Pluto rotating over the course of a full “Pluto day.” The best available images of each side of Pluto taken during approach have been combined to create this view of a full rotation.
NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute
In July 2015, New Horizons captured images of the largest of Pluto's five moons, Charon, rotating over the course of a full day. The best currently available images of each side of Charon taken during approach have been combined to create this view of a full rotation of the moon. NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute
In July 2015, New Horizons captured images of the largest of Pluto’s five moons, Charon, rotating over the course of a full day. The best currently available images of each side of Charon taken during approach have been combined to create this view of a full rotation of the moon.
NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute

On approach in July 2015, the cameras on NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft captured Pluto rotating over the course of a full “Pluto day.” The best available images of each side of Pluto taken during approach have been combined to create this view of a full rotation.

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In July 2015, New Horizons captured images of the largest of Pluto’s five moons, Charon, rotating over the course of a full day. The best currently available images of each side of Charon taken during approach have been combined to create this view of a full rotation of the moon.

Looking Up!

dragon reads ebook final mergedSky events for December 2015

RASCal Geoff Gaherty posts an excellent blog for sky events. He tends to concentrate on the moon, planets, and brightest stars, so it’s great for urban star gazers armed with digital devices. You might want to bookmark the site and return to it when the mood grabs you.

On the 3rd of December, Japan’s Hayabasa 2 spacecraft, on a six year mission to catch and sample an asteroid, will fly past Earth. Earth’s gravity will slingshot the spacecraft toward its target, 162173 Ryugu, which Hayabasa 2 is expected to reach in July 2018. This animation from JAXA (the Japanese space agency) previews the flyby. READ MORE: http://www.spaceweather.com/


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You will not want to miss the Geminid meteor shower, which always puts on a good show.   The peak nights are expected to be on December 13-14 (night of December 13 till dawn December 14) and 14-15 (night of December 14 till dawn December 15).

orbits
In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of The fireball orbits intersect at a single point–Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). Click for larger view

Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. On Dec. 2, 2015, the network reported 27 fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA’s Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth’s atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented on Spaceweather.com

How to choose your first telescope

You’ll get lots of hype when trying to pick a telescope. But by knowing just a few basics, described here, you’ll be able to choose the one that’s right for your observing interests, lifestyle, and budget.

A quick guide to types of telescopes

With a little guidance, you can pick a high-quality telescope that can last a lifetime.

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S&T: Craig Michael Utter

Here’s a quick guide to help you make sense of all the types of telescope models available today. Armed with these few basics, you’ll have a good idea what to look for (and what to avoid) when scouring the marketplace for your new scope.If you still have questions or need more details, check out these additional resources:

Many (arguably most) good starter scopes cost $400 or more, though some superb choices are available for under $250. But read this article first, so you’ll understand the terminology and what type of telescope will be best for you.

Read more: http://www.skyandtelescope.com/astronomy-news/types-of-telescopes/

Time Travel: Science Fiction & Reality

Robot and worm holeFrom www.space.com, one of the best articles I’ve seen on time travel. Nice use of the TARDIS, too!

http://www.space.com/30797-how-time-travel-works-infographic.html

Do take a few side trips on those links, very worthwhile reading.  This one, for instance: http://www.space.com/21675-time-travel.html

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Auroras, Taurids, Space Debris

Robot looks upFire in the sky!

From http://spaceweather.com
GEOMAGNETIC STORM WARNING: A high-speed stream of solar wind is about to hit Earth’s magnetic field, prompting NOAA forecasters to estimate an 85% to 90% chance of geomagnetic storms on Nov. 2-3. This is the same 800 km/s stream that lashed Earth’s magnetic field in early October, sparking strong geomagnetic storms and bright auroras over northern-tier US states. Visit http://spaceweather.com for more information and updates.

TAURID FIREBALLS: The annual Taurid meteor shower is underway and it is lighting up the midnight sky with bright fireballs. Taurid meteoroids are gravelly pieces of debris from Comet Encke that strike our planet’s atmosphere at 70,000 mph. They pose no danger to people on the ground as they disintegrate entirely high above Earth’s surface every few hours. If forecasters are correct, the display could continue until Nov. 10th. Tune into Space Weather Radio for live radar echoes.

From http://astronomy.com/  ASY_SpaceDebrisMILLIONS OF BITS OF SPACE JUNK — leftover fragments from spacecraft and related debris — orbit Earth, and the majority of these will eventually fall into Earth’s atmosphere and incinerate. Astronomers believe they have recently observed one of these pieces and, for the first time, they can predict when and where it will enter the atmosphere. Such forecasts could allow scientists the opportunity to observe these events to better understand what happens when space debris — manmade or natural — comes in contact with the atmosphere and determine which objects might be hazardous to humans.

“Artificial objects can have a coat of paint on their surfaces, and oftentimes that paint has titanium oxide in it. This does not occur naturally, so if the object’s spectrum indicates the presence of titanium oxide, we can know it’s definitively artificial.”

The Catalina Sky Survey (CSS), a project based near Tucson that searches the sky for comets and asteroids, particularly those that could potentially impact Earth, detected the object on October 3. Soon after this discovery, astronomers realized that the CSS had also imaged the object in 2013. Comparing the two observations allowed the scientists to determine its orbit, which looked much more like that of typical space junk than a natural body. They also concluded that it would enter Earth’s atmosphere on November 13 over the Indian Ocean, in the vicinity of Sri Lanka.

Continue reading Auroras, Taurids, Space Debris